Page 29 - Fpgee Question And Answer 2024 Edition

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777. (d) All. Desmopressin is indicated for the active ingredient, Mesna, is a synthetic sulfhydryl
treatment of diabetes insipidus, hemophilia A and compound designated as sodium-2-
Willebrand’s disease. mercaptoethane sulfonate.

+
778.(b) Octreotide acetate is a long-acting HS–CH 2–CH 2SO 3–Na
octapeptide with pharmacological actions similar to
somatostatin. It is a potent inhibitor of growth
hormone compared to the natural hormone -
somatostatin. It is indicated for the treatment of
acromegaly; a condition in which hypersecretion of
growth hormone has been reported.

779.(b) Lactulose and sodium benzoate and
phenylacetate are indicated for the treatment of
hyperammonia.

Sodium benzoate and phenylacetate reduce the
ammonia content in a patient with inborn errors of
ureagenesis. They provide conjugation reactions
involving the acylation of amino acids; which results
in a decreased formation of ammonia.

Mesna reacts chemically with the urotoxic
Lactulose, degraded in a colon by colonic bacteria ifosfamide metabolites, acrolein and 4-hydroxy-
into organic acids, results in the reduction of the ifosfamide, resulting in their detoxification. The first
elevated pH of the colon. This converts the blood step in the detoxification process is the binding of
ammonia into ammonium ions which then are mesna to 4-hydroxy-ifosfamide forming a non-
entrapped and excreted in feces.
urotoxic 4-sulfoethylthioifosfamide. Mesna also
binds to the double bonds of acrolein and to other
780.(b) Prolonged therapy (approximately 6 to 36
urotoxic metabolites and inhibits their effects on
months) with Bromocriptine (Parlodel) may cause the bladder.
pulmonary infiltrate, pleural infusion and pleural
thickening, and should be monitored by regularly Mesna injection is given as intravenous bolus
checking pulmonary function. It is a semisynthetic injections in a dosage equal to 20% of the
ergot alkaloid indicated for the treatment of ifosfamide dosage weight by weight (w/w) at the
Parkinsonism, Acromegaly and Hyperprolactinemia. time of ifosfamide administration and 4 and 8 hours
The initial dose of Bromocriptine is ½ of a 2½ mg after each dose of ifosfamide. The total daily dose
SnapTabs tablet twice daily with meals. It is of Mesna is 60% of the ifosfamide dose.
recommended that Bromocriptine be taken with
food. 783.(d) All. Naloxone, Nalmefene and Naltrexone
may antagonize the action of opioid drugs.
781.(d) All. Probenecid (Benemid) is a uricosuric
agent indicated for the treatment of gout. It may 784.(c) Romazicon (Flumazenil) is classified as a
elevate the serum concentrations of Methotrexate,
benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. It is indicated
Retrovir and Pantothenic acid’s by competing with for the treatment of benzodiazepine overdose. It
these agents for the renal tubular secretion. reverses the sedation produced by
benzodiazepines.
782.(c) Mesna is commonly employed for the
treatment of Ifosfamide induced H. cystitis. The

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