Page 40 - RxExam's Naplex Theory Review Part-1

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7. VASODILATORS

Hydralazine = Apresoline Minoxidil = Loniten, Rogaine
Ambrisentan = Letairis Epoprostenol = Flolan
Corlopam = Fenoldopam Sildenafil = Revatio
Tadalafil = Adcirca Diazoxide = Hyperstat, Proglycem
Iloprost = Ventavis Bosentan = Tracleer
Hydralazine + = BiDil Hydralazine + = Apresazide
Isosorbide dinitrate HCTZ
Treprostinil = Remodulin,
Tyvaso

Dose Special Notes

Hydralazine 10-50 mg PO 1). Hydralazine (Apresoline) causes the relaxation of vascular smooth
(Tablet) Q.I.D. muscles. It is indicated for the treatment of hypertension.
Administration
of Hydralazine 2). Because of the intense vasodilation property, Hydralazine (Apresoline)
with food results may produce reflex stimulation of sympathetic nervous system and
in higher plasma reflex tachycardia. The administration of beta blockers, Clonidine and
levels. Methyldopa may prevent the risk of the above side effects.

3). Hydralazine (Apresoline) also increases the activity of renin and
stimulates aldosterone secretion by reflex stimulation of sympathetic
nervous systems. This leads to retention of water and sodium. The
administration of diuretics may effectively solve the above problem.

4). Numbness and tingling sensations observed in some patients are
signs of drug induced peripheral neuritis. The administration of the
pyridoxine may resolve the above problem.

5). Drug induced lupus erythematosus is a principal side effect of
Hydralazine (Apresoline). Edema and weight gain are also reported
with the therapy.

6). In a few patients Hydralazine (Apresoline) may produce a clinical
picture simulating systemic lupus erythematosus including arthralgia
(pain in joints), fever, malaise (feeling of discomfort), chest pain and
glomerulonephritis. In such patients Hydralazine (Apresoline) should be
discontinued unless the benefit-to-risk determination requires
continued antihypertensive therapy with this drug.

7). The risk of drug induced lupus erythematosus is greater in patients
with slow acetylators, and taking more than 200 mg per day of the
drug.

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