Page 36 - RxExam's Naplex Theory Review Part-1

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Dose Special Notes

Perindopril 4-8 mg daily, 1). Perindopril (Aceon) is indicated for the treatment of hypertension
(Tablet) administered as and stable coronary artery disease.
a single daily
dose or in two 2). Perindoprilat (an active metabolite of Perindopril) elimination is
divided doses. decreased in renally impaired patients. It is therefore not recommended
in patients with creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min.

Adverse Reactions:

1. Hyperkalemia
2. Proteinuria, neutropenia and agranulocytosis, or angioedema of extremities, face, larynx, tongue
(especially with Captopril).
3. Dry cough, headaches
4. Dysgeusia (loss of taste)
5. Fatigue, nausea and vomiting

6. When used in pregnancy during the second and third trimesters, ACE inhibitors can cause injury and
even death to the developing fetus.

Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists:

M/A: They inhibit the binding of Angiotensin II to Angiotensin receptor AT1 sites. Angiotensin II has a
profound vasoconstriction as well as aldosterone secretion stimulation property. Aldosterone secretion
leads to retention of sodium and water, which in turn increases the cardiac work load. Angiotensin II
receptor antagonists prevent the binding of Angiotensin II to the receptor sites and prevent the above
consequences.

Dose Special Notes

Valsartan 80-320 mg PO 1). Valsartan (Diovan) is indicated for the treatment of hypertension,
(Tablet) QD, with or heart failure and post myocardial infarction.
without food.

Losartan 25-100 mg per 1). Losartan (Cozaar) is indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to
(Tablet) day given in one reduce the risk of stroke in patients with hypertension and left
or two divided ventricular hypertrophy and diabetic nephropathy with an elevated
doses, with or serum creatinine and proteinuria.
without food.
2). Only Losartan (Cozaar) and Irbesartan (Avapro) are indicated for the
treatment of diabetic nephropathy in patients with an elevated serum
creatinine and proteinuria.

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