Which of the following statements is/are TRUE ABOUT Trulicity? [Select ALL THAT APPLY].

a. The active ingredient is Dulaglutide.
b. It is indicated for the treatment of migraine.
c. It is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist.
d. Initiate at 0.75 mg subcutaneously once weekly.
e. Contraindicated in patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma.

  Answer  

Which of the following statements is/are TRUE ABOUT Trulicity? [Select ALL THAT APPLY].

a. The active ingredient is Dulaglutide.
b. It is indicated for the treatment of migraine.
c. It is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist.
d. Initiate at 0.75 mg subcutaneously once weekly.
e. Contraindicated in patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Answer: (a,c,d,e)

The active ingredient found in Trulicity is Dulaglutide. It is available as an injection (0.75mg/0.5ml, 1.5mg/0.5ml) administered subcutaneously in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm.

It is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist indicated:

1. as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

2. to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have established cardiovascular disease or multiple cardiovascular risk factors.

Dulaglutide activates the GLP-1 receptor, a membrane-bound cell-surface receptor coupled to adenylyl cyclase in pancreatic beta cells. Dulaglutide increases intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) in beta cells leading to glucose-dependent insulin release. Dulaglutide also decreases glucagon secretion and slows gastric emptying.

The drug should be administered once weekly. The drug should be initiated at 0.75 mg subcutaneously once weekly. Dose can be increased to 1.5 mg once weekly for additional glycemic control.

If a dose is missed, administer the missed dose as soon as possible if there are at least 3 days (72 hours) until the next scheduled dose.

It is contraindicated in patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or in patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2.

Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and decreased appetite are commonly reported side effects of the drug.


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Rexulti (Brexpiprazole) is indicated for: [Select ALL THAT APPLY].

a. OCD
b. Schizophrenia
c. Hypertension
d. Arrhythmia
e. Depression

  Answer  

Rexulti (Brexpiprazole) is indicated for: [Select ALL THAT APPLY].

a. OCD
b. Schizophrenia
c. Hypertension
d. Arrhythmia
e. Depression

Answer: b, e
 
The active ingredient found in Rexulti is Brexpiprazole. It is available as tablets (0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, and 4 mg).

The recommended dose is 0.5 to 3 mg per day once daily with or without food.

The mechanism of action of Brexpiprazole in the treatment of major depressive disorder or schizophrenia is unknown. However, the efficacy of Brexpiprazole may be mediated through a combination of partial agonist activity at serotonin 5-HT1A and dopamine D2 receptors, and antagonist activity at serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.

Rexulti (Brexpiprazole)  is an atypical antipsychotic indicated for:

1. Use as an adjunctive therapy to antidepressants for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD).

2. Treatment of schizophrenia

Dosing adjustments:

1. Moderate to Severe Hepatic Impairment (Child-Pugh score ≥7): Maximum recommended dosage is 2 mg once daily for patients with MDD and 3 mg once daily for patients with schizophrenia.

2. Moderate, Severe or End-Stage Renal Impairment (ClCr<60 mL/minute): Maximum recommended dosage is 2 mg once daily for patients with MDD and 3 mg once daily for patients with schizophrenia.

3. Known CYP2D6 Poor Metabolizers: Reduce the usual dosage by half.
 
Weight gain and akathisia are commonly reported side effects of the drug.

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Which of the following information is/are reported signs and symptoms of coronavirus infection? [Select ALL THAT APPLY].

a. fever
b. cough
c. loss of smell
d. difficulty concentrating
e. somnolence

  Answer  

Which of the following information is/are reported signs and symptoms of coronavirus infection? [Select ALL THAT APPLY].

a. fever
b. cough
c. loss of smell
d. difficulty concentrating
e. somnolence

Answer: a,b,c, and d

While a fever and cough have seemed to be the early warning signs of COVID-19, new research shows almost half of hospitalized patients experience a host of neurological problems.

In fact, headaches, dizziness, strokes, weakness, decreased alertness or other neurological symptoms can appear before the more commonly known symptoms of infection with the new coronavirus (known as SARS-COV-2), the researchers said.

Those neurological symptoms can also include loss of smell and taste, seizures, muscle pain and difficulty concentrating.

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Which of the following information is TRUE ABOUT the simultaneous administration of Remdesivir and Chloroquine phosphate?

a. The simultaneous administration of Remdesivir and Chloroquine phosphate will increase Chloroquine phosphate potency in treating coronavirus infection.

b. FDA is warning health care providers that co-administration of Remdesivir and Chloroquine phosphate is not recommended as it may result in reduced antiviral activity of Remdesivir.

c. The simultaneous administration of Remdesivir and Chloroquine phosphate will increase toxicity of Remdesivir in treating coronavirus infection.

d. The simultaneous administration of Remdesivir and Chloroquine phosphate will increase Remdesivir potency in treating coronavirus infection.

e. FDA is recommending health care providers that Remdesivir shall be co-administered with Hydroxychloroquine sulfate since this combination shows 50% effectiveness in controlling coronavirus symptoms compared to co administration of Remdesivir with Chloroquine phosphate.

  Answer  

Which of the following information is TRUE ABOUT the simultaneous administration of Remdesivir and Chloroquine phosphate?

a. The simultaneous administration of Remdesivir and Chloroquine phosphate will increase Chloroquine phosphate potency in treating coronavirus infection.

b. FDA is warning health care providers that co-administration of Remdesivir and Chloroquine phosphate is not recommended as it may result in reduced antiviral activity of Remdesivir.

c. The simultaneous administration of Remdesivir and Chloroquine phosphate will increase toxicity of Remdesivir in treating coronavirus infection.

d. The simultaneous administration of Remdesivir and Chloroquine phosphate will increase Remdesivir potency in treating coronavirus infection.

e. . FDA is recommending health care providers that Remdesivir shall be co-administered with Hydroxychloroquine sulfate since this combination shows 50% effectiveness in controlling coronavirus symptoms compared to co administration of Remdesivir with Chloroquine phosphate.


Answer: b

FDA is warning health care providers that co-administration of Remdesivir and chloroquine phosphate or hydroxychloroquine sulfate is not recommended as it may result in reduced antiviral activity of Remdesivir.

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Which of the following is recently approved biosimilar drug to Neulasta?
 
a. Neupogen
b. Nyvepria
c. Opdivo
d. Taltz
e. Brilinta

  Answer  

Which of the following is recently approved biosimilar drug to Neulasta?
 
a. Neupogen
b. Nyvepria
c. Opdivo
d. Taltz
e. Brilinta

Answer: b
 
The active ingredient found in Nyvepria is Pegfilgrastim-apgf.

Nyvepria, a biosimilar to Neulasta, is approved by the FDA to help reduce the chance of infection due to a low white blood cell count in people with non-myeloid cancer who receive anti-cancer medicines, like chemotherapy, that can cause fever and low white blood cell count. This condition, known as febrile neutropenia, is a common side effect of many types of chemotherapy and lowers the body’s ability to defend itself against infections.

Nyvepria is indicated to decrease the incidence of infection, as manifested by febrile neutropenia, in patients with non-myeloid malignancies receiving myelosuppressive anti-cancer drugs associated with a clinically significant incidence of febrile neutropenia.

Nyvepria is contraindicated in patients with a history of serious allergic reactions to Pegfilgrastim products (e.g. Neulasta) or filgrastim products (e.g. Neupogen).
Bone pain and pain in extremity are reported side effects of the drug.

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What is the probable mechanism of action of Sirturo (Bedaquiline)?

a. Inhibits 5-alpha azo reductase
b. Inhibits DNA gyrase
c. Inhibits mycobacterial ATP synthase
d. Inhibits RNA polymerase
e. Inhibits CGAP ligase

  Answer  

What is the probable mechanism of action of Sirturo (Bedaquiline)?

a. Inhibits 5-alpha azo reductase
b. Inhibits DNA gyrase
c. Inhibits mycobacterial ATP synthase
d. Inhibits RNA polymerase
e. Inhibits CGAP ligase

Answer: c

The active ingredient found in Sirturo is Bedaquiline. is the first anti-TB drug to interfere with bacterial energy metabolism.

Sirturo (Bedaquiline)® specifically inhibits mycobacterial ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) synthase, by binding to subunit c of the enzyme that is essential for the generation of energy in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Sirturo (Bedaquiline)® is a diarylquinoline antimycobacterial drug indicated as part of combination therapy in the treatment of adult and pediatric patients (12 to less than 18 years of age and weighing at least 30 kg) with pulmonary multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

Reserve Sirturo (Bedaquiline)® for use when an effective treatment regimen cannot otherwise be provided.
 
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Recently FDA approved pediatric suspension of VESIcare for used in pediatric patients aged 2 years and older for the treatment of:

a. Overactive bladder
b. Neurogenic detrusor overactivity
c. Nausea and vomiting
d. Preventing excessive gastrin secretion
e. Diarrhea associated with C. difficile

  Answer  

Recently FDA approved pediatric suspension of VESIcare for used in pediatric patients aged 2 years and older for the treatment of:

a. Overactive bladder
b. Neurogenic detrusor overactivity
c. Nausea and vomiting
d. Preventing excessive gastrin secretion
e. Diarrhea associated with C. difficile

Answer: b

The active ingredient found in VESIcare is Solifenacin succinate. It is a muscarinic antagonist. It is available in tablet and pediatric oral suspension dosage forms.

VESIcare LS oral suspension will come in a 5 mg/5 mL (1 mg/mL) oral suspension and will be available in the United States in late 2020.

The tablet dosage form is indicated for the treatment of adults with overactive bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and urinary frequency.
The recommended dose is 5 to 10 mg orally once daily.

Recently, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved VESIcare LS (Solifenacin succinate) oral suspension for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in pediatric patients aged 2 years and older. 

Patients with NDO may experience involuntary bladder contractions, which can lead to symptoms of urinary urgency, frequency and incontinence. Spina bifida, a congenital spinal cord defect, is a common cause of NDO in children.

The most common adverse reactions (more than 4% in VESIcare-treated patients and placebo-treated patients) were dry mouth and constipation at both 5 mg and 10 mg doses; and urinary tract infection and blurred vision at the 10 mg dose.

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Please be aware of the scam, originally brought to our attention by one of our customer. This company website URL is rx-exam.com. The website phone number is 123-456-7890 - which itself suggests it is a fraud. They are claiming to sell materials from their websites for various pharmacy related exams. All materials are offered for online purchase. Many customers have lost their money since after purchasing using credit cards; they don't receive any material.

Please DO NOT PURCHASE any material from this site www.rx-exam.com.

PharmacyExam (RxExam) is not affiliated with this company and bears no responsibility for any financial loss. Please pass this message to your friends. The authenticated web site for our company is www.pharmacyexam.com

Thank you.

Founder and President

Manan Shroff

  Answer  

WARNING!

Please be aware of the scam, originally brought to our attention by one of our customer.This company website URL is rx-exam.com. The website phone number is 123-456-7890 - which itself suggests it is a fraud.They are claiming to sell materials from their websites for various pharmacy related exams. All materials are offered for online purchase. Many customers have lost their money since after purchasing using credit cards; they don't receive any material.

PleaseDO NOT PURCHASEany material from this sitewww.rx-exam.com.

PharmacyExam (RxExam) is not affiliated with this company and bears no responsibility for any financial loss. Please pass this message to your friends. The authenticated web site for our company iswww.pharmacyexam.com

Thank you.

Founder and President

Manan Shroff

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Test 3

  Answer  

Test 3

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Veklury must be administered:

a. IV infusion
b. Subcutaneously
c. Intramuscularly
d. Orally
e. Rectally

  Answer  

Veklury must be administered:

a. IV infusion
b. Subcutaneously
c. Intramuscularly
d. Orally
e. Rectally

Answer: (a). The active ingredient found in Veklury is Remdesivir. Veklury (Remdesivir) is authorized for use under an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) only for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients hospitalized with suspected or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, and for whom use of an intravenous (IV) agent is clinically appropriate. Veklury must be administered via IV infusion. It is only administered intravenously in a hospital setting under the care of a physician.

Remdesivir is an adenosine nucleotide prodrug that distributes into cells where it is metabolized to form the pharmacologically active nucleoside triphosphate metabolite. Metabolism of Remdesivir to Remdesivir triphosphate has been demonstrated in multiple cell types. Remdesivir triphosphate acts as an analog of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and competes with the natural ATP substrate for incorporation into nascent RNA chains by the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, which results in delayed chain termination during replication of the viral RNA. Remdesivir triphosphate is a weak inhibitor of mammalian DNA and RNA polymerases with low potential for mitochondrial toxicity.

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