Page 15 - RxExam's Naplex Theory Book Part 2

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40. HYPERURICEMIA AND GOUT

A). Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors

Allopurinol = Aloprim, Zyloprim
Febuxostat = Uloric

B). Uric Acid Specific Enzyme

Pegloticase = Krystexxa

C). Uric Acid Excretion Enhancer

Probenecid = Benemid

D). Non-Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Agent

Indomethacin = Indocin

E). Miscellaneous

Colchicine = Colcrys

F). Combination Agents

Colchicine + Probenecid = ColBenemid

Definition: 1). Gout is one of the most common forms of arthritis (joint inflammation). It appears as an acute
attack. Within 12-24 hours of the attack, there is severe pain and swelling in the affected joint. Gout usually
affects only one joint at a time - most often the feet and ankles. The joints in the big toe are common sites.
The metatarsal-phalangeal joint at the base of the big toe is the most commonly affected (approximately 50%
of cases). However, it may also present as tophi, kidney stones, or urate nephropathy. It is caused by elevated
levels of uric acid in the blood which crystallizes and the crystals are deposited in joints, tendons, and
surrounding tissues. Diagnosis is confirmed clinically by the visualization of the characteristic crystals in joint
fluid.

2). The upper limit of normal uric acid level is about 7 mg/dL for men and postmenopausal women and 6
mg/dL for premenopausal women. However, it can occur where serum uric acid levels are as low as 6 mg/dL.

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