Page 18 - Reference Guide For Foreign Pharmacy Licensing Exam Theory

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B. The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland normally secretes the following:

Hormone Actions

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) It stimulates water and sodium reabsorption.
OR
Vasopressin

Oxytocin It stimulates the contraction of the muscles of uterus
during birth.

2. Thyroid Gland: It lies against the pharynx at the base of neck. It secretes the following:

Hormone Actions

Thyroxine It controls the rate of metabolism in the body.

Calcitonin It regulates the level of calcium in the blood.

3. Parathyroid gland: It is located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. It secretes the
following:

Hormone Actions

Parathyroid hormone It regulates the level of calcium in the blood.

4. Adrenal gland: They are two pyramid-shaped glands lying at the top of the kidneys. The outer
portion of the gland is known as the cortex while the inner portion is referred to as the medulla.

The adrenal cortex secretes the following:

Hormone Actions

Mineralocorticoids The secretion of mineralocorticoid is regulated by
ACTH. The principal mineralocorticoid is aldosterone.
It regulates metabolism of minerals in the body.

Glucocorticoids They control glucose metabolism and protein
synthesis in the body. The principal glucocorticoids
are cortisol and cortisone.

The adrenal medulla secretes the following:

Epinephrine (adrenaline) This hormone increases the heart rate, blood
pressure and the blood supply to skeletal muscles.

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