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What is the active ingredient found in Paxlovid? [Select ALL THAT APPLY]

a. Viramune
b. Saquinavir
c. Ritonavir
d. Nirmatrelvir
e. Remdesivir


What is the active ingredient found in Paxlovid? [Select ALL THAT APPLY]

a. Viramune
b. Saquinavir
c. Ritonavir
d. Nirmatrelvir
e. Remdesivir

Answer: (c and d). The active ingredient founds in Paxlovid are Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir. Nirmatrelvir is a SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) inhibitor, and Ritonavir is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor and CYP3A inhibitor. Nirmatrelvir is available as immediate-release, film-coated tablets. Each tablet contains 150 mg Nirmatrelvir. Ritonavir is available as film-coated tablets. Each tablet contains 100 mg Ritonavir.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for the emergency use of the unapproved product Paxlovid for the treatment of mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults and pediatric patients (12 years of age and older weighing at least 40 kg) with positive results of direct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral testing, and who are at high risk1 for progression to severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death.

Paxlovid may only be prescribed for an individual patient by physicians, advanced practice registered nurses, a licensed pharmacist and physician assistants that are licensed or authorized under state law to prescribe drugs in the therapeutic class to which Paxlovid belongs (i.e., ant infectives).

Nirmatrelvir must be co-administered with ritonavir. Failure to correctly co-administer Nirmatrelvir with ritonavir may result in plasma levels of Nirmatrelvir that are insufficient to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.

The dosage for Paxlovid is 300 mg Nirmatrelvir (two 150 mg tablets) with 100 mg ritonavir (one 100 mg tablet) with all three tablets taken together orally twice daily for 5 days. Prescriptions should specify the numeric dose of each active ingredient within Paxlovid. Completion of the full 5-day treatment course and continued isolation in accordance with public health recommendations are important to maximize viral clearance and minimize transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

The 5-day treatment course of Paxlovid should be initiated as soon as possible after a diagnosis of COVID-19 has been made, and within 5 days of symptom onset. Should a patient require hospitalization due to severe or critical COVID-19 after starting treatment with Paxlovid, the patient should complete the full 5-day treatment course per the healthcare provider's discretion.

Paxlovid (both Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir tablets) can be taken with or without food.

Dysgeusia, diarrhea, hypertension, and myalgia are reported side effects of Paxlovid.