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1.(e)
The active ingredient of Fibercon is Calcium
polycarbophil. It is indicated for constipation
as well as diarrhea. Its water absorbing properties
make it useful in treatment of diarrhea. It
should be taken with plenty of water.
It
forms chelation when given with tetracycline
antibiotic. Polycarbophil’s water and
bile salt binding capacity may result in bulkier
solid stool. Polycarbophil is available as a
chewable tablet that absorbs up to 60 times
its weight of water. Prescription for a Polycarbophil
can be filled by Fibercon, Equalactin or by
Mitrolan.
2.
(e)
3.
(e) Duragesic (Fentanyl) transdermal
system is available in 25 mcg, 50 mcg, 75 mcg
and 100 mcg/hr strength.
Because
serious or life-threatening hypoventilation
could occur, Duragesic cannot be used for treatment
of mild to intermittent pain or in dose exceeding
25 mcg/hr at the initiation of therapy. It is
a schedule II control drugs. Duragesic may be
worn continuously for 72 hours. If analgesia
for more than 72 hours is required, a new system
should be applied.
4.
(c) Bactroban (Mupirocin 2%) ointment is
indicated for treatment of impetigo caused by
staphylococcus aureus, B hemolytic streptococcus,
and streptococcus pyrogen.
5.
(e) The active ingredient of Enulose, Constulose
and Duphalac is Lactulose. It is useful in treatment
of hyperammonia.
Lactulose
is generally degraded in colon by colonic bacteria
in low molecular weight organic acid. Acidification
of colonic content by this organic acid result
in trapping of ammonia as ammonium ion in colon.
The osmotic laxative action of Lactulose helps
in the excretion of ammonium ion from the colon
in feces.
6.
(c) Tinactin (Tolnafate) and Desenex extrastrength
(Tolnafate) are antifungal agents useful in treatment
of athlete’s foot infection. Alphagan is
an opthalamic drop indicated for ocular hypertension.
7.
(c) Propranolol is a non-selective Beta-1
and Beta-2 blocker. When it is used for treatment
of arrhythmia, embolism generally occurs upon
restoration of normal rhythm. It masks the symptoms
of hypoglycemia.
8.
(c) Blood serum concentration of epinephrine
and norepinephrine is generally found to be elevated
in patients with pheochromocytoma. Pheochromocytoma
is generally defined as an adrenal medulla cancer
in which a large amount of noradrenaline and adrenaline
secrete from the adrenal medulla.
9.
(c) Beta blocker and diuretic are first
line agents for treatment of hypertension. Ca-channel
blocker and Ace inhibitor are indicated when b
blocker and diuretic therapy don’t produce
any satisfactory results.
10.
(e) The elevation of blood pressure may
be due to any of the following reason. Patients
was not taking Inderal for last couple of days,
which contributed to an elevation of his blood
pressure due to withdrawal symptoms of drug.
Patients
was taking Sudafed (Pseudoephedrine) for treatment
of his cold. Sudafed has a Alpha-1 stimulating
properties that might contribute to an elevation
of patients’s blood pressure.
11.
(b) Catapres (Clonidine) has a high tendency
to extravagate the depression. Patients has
past history of depression, therefore he needs
to avoid Clonidine as a antihypertensive agent.
Aldomet (Methyldopa) and Reserpine may also
contribute in worsening the depression. The
use of these agents in patients with past or
current history of depression may require careful
monitoring in the patients.
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